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The death toll in Honduras from Hurricane Mitch has risen to almost 7,000 people, and another 11,000 are missing. [18] In Costa Rica, reconstruction after the hurricane increased the number of jobs by 5.9%, lowering the unemployment rate slightly. Mitch drifted through Central America, regenerated in the Bay of Campeche, and ultimately struck Florida as a strong tropical storm. [11] The high rainfall caused many rivers in the country to overflow "to an unprecedented extent this century", as described by the United Nations. [4], Due to the threat, the government of Honduras evacuated some of the 45,000 citizens on the Bay Islands and prepared all air and naval resources. Survivors talk about the impact of Hurricane Katrina, 10 years after the historic … [11], In Costa Rica, Mitch dropped heavy rains, causing flash flooding and mudslides across the country, mostly in the northeastern part of the country. Since Tuesday, November 3, Hurricane Eta made landfall on the Nicaraguan coast, creating a drama of great proportions for the neighboring country, Honduras. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). [5][6] It became a hurricane on October 24 and developed an eye. Nearly 11,000 people were confirmed dead, and almost as many reported missing. [23] The floods damaged about one-third of buildings, including some more than 350 years old. Hurricane Mitch was one of the deadliest and most powerful hurricanes on record in the Atlantic basin, with maximum sustained winds of 180 mph (290 km/h). [26] The flank of the Casita Volcano failed and turned into a lahar from excessive rain. The storm reattained winds of 70 mph (110 km/h) before it made a final landfall near Naples, Florida on November 5. [47] The U.S. administration offered at first troops stationed in Honduras, and then withdrew them a few days after the storm. Throughout the entire country, the hurricane left between 500,000 and 800,000 homeless. miles (300 km2) of crop lands, causing damage to both export and domestic crops. The floods, mud slides, and wind damaged Honduras’s entire infrastructure, ruined its agricultural crops, and demolished population centres throughout the country. Environmental Global Issues Map - Is Late Hurricane Season Linked to Global Warming? Getty Images/Getty Images High tide generated by Hurricane … By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. [36], In Belize, the hurricane was less severe than initially predicted, though Mitch still caused heavy rainfall across the country. The rains reached a rate of about 4 inches (100 mm) per hour, with total rainfall exceeding 30 inches (750 mm) along the coast and 50 inches (1250 mm) in the interior areas. Hurricane Mitch left widespread power outages after damaging more than 385 km (239 mi) of power lines and several power plants. Many other homes and buildings were flooded, forcing many to evacuate. [4] Offshore, the Fowey Rocks Light reported wind gusts of 73 mph (117 km/h). Due to the slow motion from October 29 to November 3, Hurricane Mitch dropped historic amounts of rainfall in Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua, with unofficial reports of up to 75 inches (1,900 mm). Nearly 11,000 people were confirmed dead, and almost as many reported missing. There were over 1,357 cases of dengue reported, though no deaths were reported from the disease. [10] Because the hurricane threatened to strike near Belize City as a Category 4 hurricane, much of the city was evacuated in fear of a repeat of Hurricane Hattie 37 years earlier. However, rebuilding provided jobs in the following years. [35] The hurricane left three casualties in Panama. Corrections? [11], While drifting through El Salvador, the hurricane dropped immense amounts of precipitation, resulting in flash flooding and mudslides through the country. The schooner, which was sailing near the center of the hurricane, experienced over 50 foot (15 m) waves and over 100 mph (160 km/h) winds, causing her to sink off the coast of Honduras. Most of the damage was ruined crops, and cash crop exports were cut by 9.4 percent in 1999, largely due to the storm. Hurricane Mitch was recognized as the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record, after the Great Hurricane of 1780. Mitch accelerated to the northeast ahead of a cold front, moving across the Yucatán peninsula and re-entering the Gulf of Mexico. Deaths were mostly from flooding and mudslides in Central America, where the slow-moving hurricane and then tropical stormdropped nearly 36 inches (900 mm) of rain. Mitch affected 115 sq. [4], While over land, Mitch moved slowly westward through Central America, while continuing to produce deep convection over waters. The story was recorded in the book The Ship and The Storm by Jim Carrier. [33] In all, Mitch killed three people on Jamaica. Hurricane Mitch was the most powerful storm of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season.Hurricane Mitch was one of the most powerful storm ever recorded in the Atlantic Ocean.Mitch was the second deadliest Atlantic hurricane because it killed 11,000-18,000 in Central America and Mexico, it is second only to the Great Hurricane of 1780.Mitch also caused over $5 billion in damage. In addition, the flooding destroyed 27 schools and damaged 286 others, 175 severely. Get exclusive access to content from our 1768 First Edition with your subscription. [26] Throughout the country, the rainfall and mudslides affected 126 bridges and 800 miles (1,300 km) or roads, mostly on the Inter-American Highway which was affected by Hurricane Cesar, two years prior. The flooding and mudslides damaged or destroyed tens of thousands of homes, with total damage amounting to over $5 billion (1998 USD, $6 billion 2006 USD), most of which was in Honduras and Nicaragua. Navigate parenthood with the help of the Raising Curious Learners podcast. In all, damage in Nicaragua is estimated at around $1 billion (1998 USD). After clearing Florida, it finally dissipated over the Atlantic. It executed a small loop, and while doing so intensified into Tropical Storm Mitch. Instead, Mitch turned to the south, due to a ridge that was not observed while the storm was active. The U.S. later increased their offer to $70 million (1998 USD). However, the hurricane's upwelling cooled the warm water temperatures, preventing significant bleaching and destruction of the coral reef. The President of Honduras estimated that Mitch set back 50 years of economic development. Hurricane Mitch formed as a tropical depression in the southwestern Caribbean Sea on October 22. As the death toll climbed steadily toward 11,000 across devastated parts of Honduras, Nicaragua, El Salvador and Guatemala, Mitch became the most destructive Atlantic storm since The Great Hurricane of 1780, blamed for 22,000 deaths in the eastern Caribbean. They also at first offered only $2 million (1998 USD) in aid, which came as a shock to residents, and president Carlos Roberto Flores alike. The rainfall in outer rainbands, at times severe, flooded many roads across the island and left them covered with debris. No final international death toll has been established due to the extensive damage, but at least 11,000 people were killed and 9,191 more were missing. The quantities of rain expected drew comparisons to 1998’s Hurricane Mitch, one of the most deadly Atlantic hurricanes in history. [16] In addition, Mitch caused 11 indirect deaths when a plane crashed during the storm. As a result of the extreme damage and loss of life it caused, the name Mitch was retired from the Atlantic naming list by the World Meteorological Organization and will not be used for a future Atlantic hurricane. With millions left homeless and property damage of roughly $6 billion, it was also one of the most destructive. In the capital, Tegucigalpa, a large landslide affected three neighborhoods and formed a temporary dam. With millions left homeless and property damage of roughly $6 billion, it was also one of the most destructive. It then became extratropical and accelerated northeastward across the North Atlantic, before dissipating on November 9. An archival report from the National Hurricane Center said Mitch led to the deaths of more than 9,000 people. A few days after Mitch, the well-liked mayor of Tegucigalpa was viewing the devastation when his helicopter crashed and he and several other high-level people died. One house in Spanish Town collapsed from the flooding, leaving four homeless. [11], On the Cayman Islands, the hurricane caused strong waves, gusty winds, and heavy rainfall at times. [20] Two days of winds exceeding 200 km/h (120 mph) destroyed nearly all of the plants and trees on Guanaja, uprooting or knocking down almost the entire mangrove forest. As the storm weakened and stalled near the northern coast of Honduras, the rains increased in intensity, causing flash floods and mud slides, which devastated coastal regions and the Honduran island of Guanaja. In addition, after witnessing the vulnerability to hurricanes, the affected governments endeavored to prevent such a disaster from occurring again. [19], Though Mitch never entered Nicaragua, its large circulation caused extensive rainfall, with estimates of over 50 inches (1,300 mm). Total damages caused by the hurricane were estimated to be around $6 billion (1998 USD). Omissions? [4] Land interaction imparted weakening,[8] and the hurricane made landfall on Honduras on October 29 with winds of 80 mph (130 km/h). [20], High water levels along the Choluteca River affected the capital, Tegucigalpa,[20] reaching levels 10 m (33 ft) above their banks. [28], Transportation was greatly affected by the hurricane, as well. [11] Honduras's Social Fund for Housing estimated that 35,000 houses nationwide were destroyed with another 50,000 damaged,[20] leaving 1.5 million people homeless – about 20% of the total population. The thirteenth named storm, ninth hurricane, and third major hurricane of the 1998 Atlantic hurricane season, Mitch formed in the western Caribbean Sea on October 22, and after drifting through extremely favorable conditions, it rapidly strengthened to peak at Category 5 status, the highest possible rating on the Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. [34], Due to Mitch's large circulation, it dropped heavy precipitation as far south as Panama and Colombia, especially in the Darién and Chiriquí provinces. The flooding destroyed 37% of the bean production, 19% of the corn production, and 20% losses in sugar canes. [11] The maximum 24-hour rainfall total from Mitch was 13.4 inches (340 mm) in Campeche,[38] while the highest rainfall total was 16.85 inches (428.0 mm) in Ciudad del Carmen. At the time, Mitch was the strongest Atlantic hurricane observed in the month of October, though it has since been surpassed by Hurricane Wilma of the 2005 season. One tree fell onto a car in Louth, severely injuring the driver. A National Hurricane Centre archive report said more than 9,000 people died during Mitch, one of the deadliest Atlantic storms in history. In Ireland, the storm produced gusts as high as 90 mph (140 km/h) and 30 ft (9.1 m) waves. [11], Two million people in Nicaragua were directly affected by the hurricane. Agricultural losses were significant, including the deaths of 50,000 animals, mostly bovines. [31], On the south coast of Cuba, the hurricane caused waves of up to 13 feet (4 m) high and winds gusts peaking at 42 mph (67 km/h), causing numerous tourists and workers on the Isle of Youth and Cayo Largo del Sur to leave for safer grounds. [23] The combined damage to transportation, communication, utilities, including power and water, was estimated at $665 million. [4], In the Florida Keys, multiple buildings that had been damaged by Hurricane Georges were leveled by Mitch. 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