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According to Vines [ 191 ] and Weber and Wittman [ 197 ], several varieties of Russian-olive are known in cultivation, and differ primarily in leaf size and shape [ 191 ]. University of Georgia. 14. Elaeagnus angustifolia (Russian-olive) grows as a tree or shrub (family Elaeagnaceae) and is found in disturbed, seasonally moist places, generally below 5,000 feet (1500 m) elevation. See also: Invasive Plant Fact Sheets for additional invasive plants in Pennsylvania Controlling Non-Native Invasive Plants in Ohio's Forests: Autumn Olive ( Eleagnus umbellata ) and Russian Olive ( Eleagnus angustifolia ) (Feb 2012) National Genetic Resources Program. National Botanical Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada. For more information, visit Invasive.org, Other Common Names: Russian olive, oleaster, Last updated October 2018 / Privacy Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) This plant is invasive in the following regions: CV Central Valley; DT Desert; NC North and Central Coast; SC South Coast; Map of regions (click to enlarge) Description. University of Washington Ph.D. dissertation. Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata) is invasive in the Northeast, Southeast and Midwest. 2003. Used extensively for wildlife habitat, strip mine revegetation, and shelter belts, autumn olive thrives in disturbed areas open to full sun. Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) is invasive in California. Invasive Plant Control in Maryland. It can … A better form of Elaeagnus would be Elaeagnus pungens, which has broad evergreen foliage. 102pp. E. angustifolia can invade both open upland and riparian bottomland (marshland and other wetland) communities, alter the course of plant succession, and ultimately result in lowered levels of native plant and animal diversity. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. var. Randall, and M.C. Elaeagnus angustifolia NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to form a strategic partnership called N.C. Although Elaeagnus angustifolia is not considered to be invasive in New England at this time, in the western part of the United States it is considered invasive as well as a noxious weed in some states. General Information Scientific name: Elaeagnus angustifoliaPronunciation: eel-ee-AG-nus an-gus-tih-FOLE-ee-uhCommon name(s): Russian olive, oleasterFamily: ElaeagnaceaeUSDA hardiness zones: 3A through 8B (Fig. Maryland Cooperative Extension Service. Weed Research and Information Center. Assessing the potential of invasiveness in woody plants introduced in North America. GRIN-Global. For more information, visit www.eddmaps.org, State List - This map identifies those states that list this species on their invasive species list or law. It grows especially well in riparian situations and has been documented as out-competing the native plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides). EDDMapS Distribution - This map is incomplete and is based only on current site and county level reports made by experts, herbaria, and literature. University of Pennsylvania. Cooperative Extension. Google. Growth habit: Fast growing and invasive. (invasive) – leaves are arranged opposite each other along the twigs and they do not have silvery scales on leaves or twigs. 2003. Most commonly Russian olive is a woody shrub, but is capable of reaching heights of 20 feet. orientalis (L.) Kuntze, Elaeagnus hortensis M. Bieb, Elaeagnus Reichard, Sarah. Both autumn olive and Russian olive tolerate poor soil conditions and may alter the processes of natural succession. Although Elaeagnus angustifolia is not considered to be invasive in New England at this time, in the western part of the United States it is considered invasive as well as a noxious weed in some states. The https:// means all transmitted data is encrypted — in other words, any information or browsing history that you provide is transmitted securely. In: Fire Effects Information System. April 1999. Noxious Weed Program. Invasive to Avoid: Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Russian olive is a perennial deciduous tree native to Europe and Asia. Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Author: Sharifian-Nejad, Mohammad Sadegh; Shekarchizadeh, Hajar Source: International journal of biological macromolecules 2019 v.124 pp. Maps can be downloaded and shared. Not a true olive, it is a native of Asia, and its large, speckled, yellow or reddish-brown berries appeal only marginally to birds and small mammals. 946-954 ISSN: 0141-8130 Russian olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia (invasive) – has longer, narrower leaves that are silvery on top as well as on the underside. It grows especially well in riparian situations and has been documented as out-competing the native plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides). Flowers are creamy-white to light yellow; fruits are small, fleshy, egg-shaped, pink to red with silver scales. Questions and/or comments to the Bugwood Webmaster, A Field Guide for the Identification of Invasive Plants in Southern Forests, Weeds Gone Wild: Alien Plant Invaders of Natural Areas, City of Ann Arbor Michigan Parks and Recreation. Columbia University. 4 pp. Autumn olive (Elaeagnus umbellata; invasive) grows to be 20 feet tall. 1994. Kentucky Exotic Pest Plant Council - Moderate Threat. North Carolina State University. Conservation Services Division. moniifera) and the exotic Russian-olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.). It is planted for decoration and has now become invasive. Integrated Taxonomic Information System. It takes over streambanks, lakeshores and prairies, choking out native vegetation. Conservation Biology 9:1169-1175. It displaces native plants by creating dense shade, altering soil chemistry, and interfering with natural plant succession. Indiana Invasive Species Council - Invasive Plant List, Jil M. Swearingen, Survey of invasive plants occurring on National Park Service lands, 2000-2007. See also: Fact Sheets for more information about individual invasive species, including those listed as "Prohibited Noxious" and "Noxious" under the Alberta Weed Control Act Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands - Elaeagnus angustifolia USDA. The related Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) is also invasive in Maryland. When people and animals leave the roots behind they repeatedly re-sprout and keep spreading. Natural Resources, Bureau of Endangered Resources. Alberta Invasive Species Council (Canada). It is native to temperate Eurasia but has become especially invasive in riverine areas in the western USA, and is increasingly common in areas already invaded by exotic saltcedars (Tamarix spp… Russian Olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) can be a small shrub or tree depending on the amount of time it has been growing undisturbed. This site is also protected by an SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate that’s been signed by the U.S. government. Here are a few maps that show the distribution of Russian olive across the planet. Elizabeth Brusati, project manager California Invasive Plant Council 1442A Walnut St. #462, Berkeley, CA 94709 510-843-3902 edbrusati@cal-ipc.org Common Name: Autumn Olive Scientific Name: Elaeagnus umbellata (Thunb.) It negatively impacts natural areas by creating dense, monotypic stands that outcompete native vegetation, modifying vegetation structure, and displacing native wildlife. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory. Autumn olive is an introduced, fast-growing woody shrub in the Elaeagnaceae (Oleaster) family. Elaeagnus angustifolia. [Accessed Sep 10, 2014]. Maryland Department of Natural Resources Policy: Restriction on Planting Exotic Invasive Plants, National Park Service, Mid-Atlantic Exotic Plant Management Team Invasive Plant List, New Jersey Invasive Species Strike Team 2017 Invasive Species List, Non-Native Invasive Plants of Arlington County, Virginia, Nonnative Invasive Species in Southern Forest and Grassland Ecosystems, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources Invasive Plants. Invasive Exotic Plants of Canada Fact Sheet No. 2000. Elaeagnus angustifolia. Russian olive may also escape from cultivation, but so far is less common. Germination and establishment of the native plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides Marshall subsp. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. E. angustifolia, the Russian olive, is one of several species of Elaeagnus that has proven invasive. The section below contains highly relevant resources for this species, organized by source. Before sharing sensitive information online, make sure you’re on a .gov or .mil site by inspecting your browser’s address (or “location”) bar. In New England, autumn olive has escaped from cultivation and is progressively invading natural areas. Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Oleaster Family – Elaeagnaceae. Home and Garden Information Center, Home and Garden Mimeo HG88. Cooperative Extension. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, 1994. John Randall, The Nature Conservancy, Survey of TNC Preserves, 1995. ARS. Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) is a form of eleagnus, but it is often considered an invasive plant in most states other than in the south, where it can struggle to grow well. WeedUS - Database of Plants Invading Natural Areas in the United States, West Virginia Invasive Species Strategic Plan and Volunteer Guidelines 2014, West Virginia Native Plant Society, Flora West Virginia Project, and West Virginia Curatorial Database System, September 3, 1999, Wisconsin's Invasive species rule – NR 40, Weed Science Society of America Common Names List, Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Hoshovsky (Editors). National Invasive Species Information Center, Early Detection & Distribution Mapping System (EDDMapS) - Russian Olive, Fact Sheet: Russian Olive (Aug 2015) (PDF | 850 KB), Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands -, Invasive Plants of California's Wildlands, Invasive Plants of Ohio: Fact Sheet 7 - Autumn-Olive and Russian-Olive (PDF | 213 KB), Invasive Plants in Pennsylvania: Russian Olive and Autumn Olive (PDF | 223 KB), Weed Control in Natural Areas in the Western United States: Russian-olive (2013) (PDF | 217 KB), Invasive Plant Fact Sheet - Autumn Olive and Russian Olive (Nov 2011) (PDF | 164 KB), Introduced Species Summary Project - Russian Olive, Invasive, Exotic Plants of the Southeast - Russian Olive, Maine Invasive Plants Bulletin: Autumn Olive / Russian Olive. As of 2020, it is widely established in North America as an introduced species. ... "Russian-olive: Elaeagnus angustifolia (Rhamnales: Elaeagnaceae ): Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States." The .gov means it’s official.Federal government websites always use a .gov or .mil domain. Wisconsin Dept. Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) was introduced to North America as an ornamental shrub and as a windbreak plant in the late 1800s. University of Maine. orientalis (L.) Kuntze: Classification. Wisconsin manual of control recommendations for ecologically invasive plants. University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Native to southern Europe and western Asia, Elaeagnus angustifolia is commonly found growing along floodplains, riverbanks, stream courses, marshes, and irrigation ditches Seedlings are tolerant of shade and the plant thrives in a variety of soil and moisture conditions, including bare mineral substrates.E. This invasive plant can be identified by silver scales that cover new stems, leaves, flowers, and fruit. This deciduous, multi-stemmed shrub or single trunked tree can grow to 20’ or more in height. Or, to display all related content view all resources for Russian Olive. It is a non-native, invasive species. E. angustifolia can also alter nutrient cycling and system hydrology by spreading throughout woodlands, c… The currently accepted name for Russian-olive is Elaeagnus angustifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae) [46,51,74,87,93,94,98,107,161,194,197,198]. Provides state, county, point and GIS data. Colorado Department of Agriculture. It is a small, usually thorny, deciduous tree or large shrub that is typically grown for its silvery foliage, small fragrant yellow flowers, olive-like fruit and ease of cultivation. The Pennsylvania Flora Project of Morris Arboretum. It is a particular threat to open and semi-open areas. Going Native: Urban Landscaping for Wildlife with Native Plants. Elaeagnus angustifolia, commonly called Russian olive or oleaster is native to Europe and Asia. Woody Invasives of the Great Lakes Collaborative. Keywords: Plant Guide, Russian olive, Elaeagnus angustifolia L., small tree, non-native, invasive It grows especially well in riparian situations and has been documented as out-competing the native plains cottonwood (Populus deltoides). APWG WeedUS Database Miller, J.H. Also, several Asiatic species of Elaeagnus have become established as introduced species in North America, with some of these species being considered invasive, or even designated as noxious, in portions of the United States. Invasive.org is a joint project of University of Georgia - Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health, USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA Forest Service, USDA Identification Technology Program, and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture It was introduced to North America in the early 1900s as a landscaping tree because it was thought to be useful as a windbreak, soil stabilizer, and habitat provider. Russian olive, or Elaeagnus angustifolia, is native to Europe.On other continents, it is reported as an invasive species since it crowds native vegetation out.. University of California. Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) Plant Guide Subject: Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) is a large, thorny, perennial deciduous tree or small shrub that usually grows 10 to 25 feet tall. YouTube; Montana Department of Agriculture. Its leaves are dark green on top and silver-gray on the underside, lance-shaped or elliptic, with entire, wavy margins. Zouhar, K. 2005. Russian olive is a deciduous tree with narrow silver leaves, clustered greenish-yellow fruits, and shaggy bark. 1997. Madison, Wisconsin. In online book: Bossard, C.C., J.M. Online Resources. Although Elaeagnus angustifolia is not considered to be invasive in New England at this time, in the western part of the United States it is considered invasive as well as a noxious weed in some states. Center for Invasive Species and Ecosystem Health. ; Non-native bush honeysuckles, Lonicera spp. The nitrogen-fixing capabilities of these species can interfere with the nitrogen cycle of nativ… Exact date unknown; was introduced to the central and western U.S. by the early 1900s (Zouhar 2005), Introduced as a horticultural plant (Zouhar 2005). NAME OF SPECIES: Elaeagnus angustifolia L.. Synonyms: Elaeagnus angustifolia var. Center for Environmental Research and Conservation. Cooperative Extension. Elaeagnus angustifolia, commonly called Russian olive, silver berry, oleaster, or wild olive, is a species of Elaeagnus, native to western and central Asia, Iran, from southern Russia and Kazakhstan to Turkey, and parts of Pakistan. 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