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why was the spiral jetty made

While the casual audience might think of “Spiral Jetty” as just the sculpture, the art world holds these accompanying video and written pieces in high esteem. Like much Earth art, Spiral Jetty is a tribute to the daring and imagination of the artist who goes from concept to actual product—the fact that it is done at all is often what constitutes its significance. It is made from local black basalt rock, which can turn white in some places, due to extended exposure to the ebbs and flows of the salty water. The jetty is surely a quaint monument to simple engineering, and a solid bit of environmental process art with a hefty dash of cool public relations. Don’t be surprised if someone wants to cover it with a plastic bubble-dome, or even redo it indoors in an artificial pond. They travelled to “Spiral Jetty,” Kivland said, “and (Holt) just grabbed a chair, pulled it all the way to the side of the parking lot, and she just sat there for hours, to ensure that she had her time with him. Additionally, the Dia Art Foundation recently released the essay collection “Artists on Robert Smithson” and will soon be commissioning and releasing new “Spiral Jetty” photography. Here’s what its experts told us. This further separates Smithson’s jetty from the natural world. Time scale becomes Spiral Jetty’s transcendent theme, an arts theme—the “Vanity of Human Wishes.” Imposed unnatural forms succumb to inexorable natural powers. Changeable, perhaps even erasable, by time, how permanent should Earth art be? Click "American Scientist" to access home page. Shepard Fairey sued Barak Obama for using his original image. Dia Foundation. By choosing I Accept, you consent to our use of cookies and other tracking technologies. The environment yields to the fiats of the engineer-geometer, Daedalus in Utah. Robert Smithson designed and directed the construction of his iconic work the Spiral Jetty in April 1970. Over time, she said, she’s come to appreciate the Utah community’s unique relationship with it. Smithson constructed the 4,500 457-meter (1,500-foot) jetty out of rock and earth. Spiral Jetty is a work of art that was created at the north end of the Great Salt Lake by Robert Smithson in 1970. In an artistic context — and especially with a work like “Spiral Jetty” — phenomenology is about interacting with art works much larger than one’s own body, and having one’s senses heightened because of it. To learn more or opt-out, read our Cookie Policy. Holt’s art, including the land art piece “Sun Tunnels” in Utah’s Box Elder County, didn’t start getting proper recognition till the end of her life. According to Matthew Coolidge, president of the Center for Land Use Interpretation, Smithson fundamentally understood the dual relationship between construction and destruction — “sides of the same coin, and you couldn’t have one without the other,” Coolidge told the Deseret News. Robert Smithson’s Spiral Jetty in 1970 put the modern Earth-art movement in high relief. Interacting with such a huge piece requires a shift in perception, which then shifts how one experiences the entire world that surrounds it. While the casual audience might think of “Spiral Jetty” as just the sculpture, the art world holds these accompanying video and written pieces in high esteem. Spiral Jetty is an earthwork sculpture constructed in April, 1970 that is considered to be the central work of American sculptor Robert Smithson. Left: Spiral Jetty. Undoubtedly the most famous large-scale earthwork of the period, it has come to epitomize Land art. It took six days. Three years after “Spiral Jetty” was completed, Smithson died in a plane crash while surveying sites for another land art piece, “Amarillo Ramp,” in Texas. You get that experience with your body when you’re there.”, Copyright © 2020 Deseret News Publishing Company. Smithson and Holt visited Phillips’ house sometime in the early 1970s after “Spiral Jetty” was completed, and tried convincing Phillips and his wife to join them at the sculpture site that day. Preservation collaboration. And for Holt, overseeing it all became a lifelong endeavor. “And I saw Bob Phillips at least five times recount this story, and he would always tear up and cry. And the piece’s sheer magnitude inspired numerous artists who got sucked into its orbit. However, little environmental consciousness seems involved in Spiral Jetty. See learning resources here. And since Loe was in contact with others who oversaw “Spiral Jetty,” such as Holt and the Center for Land Use Interpretation, Phillips became a “Spiral Jetty” spokesman of sorts, speaking at various public events. To celebrate the piece’s 50th anniversary, there are numerous events and experiences planned. Smithson’s early death, combined with “Spiral Jetty” being submerged underwater from 1972-1993, added mystery and notoriety to Smithson’s work as the years passed. “I think it was just unimaginable to so many artists that had been working in their studios and creating works that you hang on a wall, or smaller sculptures.”. Be respectful. Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1970, Rozel Point, Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1500 (if unwound) x 15 foot spiral of basalt, sand, and soil ©Holt-Smithson Foundation Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris A further irony—with plans for nearby oil-drilling upsetting artists, eco-activists and community people, preserving the unnatural jetty form as an icon of Earth art has become a wedge against extracting this natural earth product from the ground. We reserve the right to remove comments. Brightly colored algae lives in the salty water and can tint it pink. As “Spiral Jetty” remained underwater for 20-plus years, its legend grew — thanks in part to separate written and video pieces about the work, which Smithson also created. Spiral Jetty is Utah's answer to Stonehenge and an early example of an art-form known as monumental earthworks. Smithson documented the construction of the sculpture in a 32-minute color film also titled Spiral Jetty. Today, Spiral Jetty is still art and it’s still a part of Utah. That piece of art is the “Spiral Jetty” — a swirling, 7,000-ton landmark off Rozel Point in northern Utah, built of salt crystal, mud and basalt rocks, that stretches more than 1,500 feet into the Great Salt Lake. Spiral Jetty is an earthwork sculpture constructed in April 1970 that is considered to be the central work of the American sculptor Robert Smithson. How can an artist do such a thing these days?” she said. According to Smithson’s writings, though, that was kind of the point. Poet Percy Bysshe Shelley in the 19th century imagined the arrogance of Ozymandias (Pharaoh Ramesses II) boasting of a gigantic statue of himself and his massive earthworks—“‘Look on my works, ye mighty, and despair!’” But everything collapses, and the poem ends with this appropriate coda: “Round the decay/ Of that colossal wreck, boundless and bare,/ the lone and level sands stretch far away.” Smithson might have been happy chanting that vanitas tune to his own Spiral Jetty. He left his mark with a massive earthwork sculpture on the northeast edge of the Great Salt Lake. The Utah Museum of Fine Art has partnered with the Dia Art Foundation since 2012 to educate people about “Spiral Jetty.” Whitney Tassie, UMFA’s senior curator of modern and contemporary art, said she personally visits “Spiral Jetty” four or five times a year. Phillips declined, saying maybe they’d go the next time Smithson and Holt were in town. People are often surprised to learn that the site is not regulated or monitored — “there’s nothing keeping you from being there at midnight,” Kivland said. I’m immediately beset by the eternal morning conflict: ten more minutes of sleep vs. the rush of adrenaline that wants to start the adventures that await. Smithson wished to explore that duality in his work. For years, it was those pieces that spread the word, doing the work that the submerged physical sculpture could not. But that original contrast between the spiral’s black rocks and the wine-colored water has softened as time has encrusted the jetty with salts. But its deliberate unnatural contrast with the land and algae–reddened water is what stands out: It resonates with nothing. “That’s the interesting thing about land art, is that its meaning changes as the world changes around it,” Coolidge said. On Oct. 3, UMFA will host a special community meet-up at “Spiral Jetty.”. “Just the amount of work, and how can that many tons of basalt and earth be pushed and shaped along a shore? However, 1,500 ft tall counterclockwise spiral can only be seen when the water level is lower than 4,197 ft. The most famous jetty is probably Spiral Jetty, a large sculpture created by the artist Robert Smithson in 1970. Spiral Jetty is state artwork of Utah The spiral is a universal image Spiral Jetty made with dump trucks and bulldozers Inspired by the Great Serpent mound in Ohio. According to Loe, Phillips often talked about the last time he saw Smithson. 50 years in, ‘Spiral Jetty’ continues to inspire and confound. Kivland said the Dia Art Foundation regularly gets “Spiral Jetty” inquiries from all over the world. The water at this shallow, dead-end corner of the lake has become polluted and extra salty from runoff, so it seems nothing’s damaged here from the spiral’s intrusion. This fade to white may qualify as part of the disappearing eco-act he had in mind. Yu the Great Taming the Waters. And April marks its 50th anniversary. 4:00 A.M. Oy. “But there is no next time, because then Smithson dies in this plane crash,” Loe said. However, on closer inspection of the spiral-building video, it’s as if we are close-up, eye-level witnesses to the formation of something metanatural, an archetypical absolute commanded into shape by a master builder and his crew. Right: Rozel Point. Smithson did many types of art, but he is most widely known for his earthworks, including Spiral Jetty. Smithson was also fascinated by entropy — a concept about decay that gained increased prominence during the middle part of the 20th century. The New York Times claimed it to be one of the most amazing art pieces constructed on earth. In Spiral Jetty, Smithson manipulated rocks, earth, and algae to form a 1500 foot long spiral land form that jutted into the Great Salt Lake. Four major figures and four key works help us assess the evolving role of environmental consciousness in Earth art. Robert Smithson's earthwork Spiral Jetty (1970) is located at Rozel Point peninsula on the northeastern shore of Great Salt Lake. Using over six thousand tons of black basalt rocks and earth from the site, Smithson formed a coil 1,500 feet long and 15 feet wide that … It’s a minimalist flat form imposed on the lake, visible when the level’s low—a useless berm, a raised driveway, a widget on a stalk. Coiling out into the Great Salt Lake in Utah, Robert Smithson’s ‘Spiral Jetty’ was a groundbreaking work of Land Art in 1970. Constructed in 1970 by artist Robert Smithson, the jetty is situated on the north shore of the lake. The jetty is a 1,500-foot-long and 15-foot-wide coil of mud, rocks, and salt crystals along the northern shore of the Great Salt Lake (see location map below), south of Promontory Point. The great reveal. The Spiral Jetty is the epitome of Land Art, and is located on the north end of the Great Salt Lake. But somehow we can’t stop wanting to pause time’s effects. At the current MoCA exhibit, we can view Smithson’s own film of the construction process of unloading tons of rock and soil into the simple form; this inscribes the site with the familiar anonymous mark, “I am here!” A man tries to override irregular, messy Nature with a perfect arithmetic figure. Other articles where Spiral Jetty is discussed: environmental sculpture: …extend a rock and dirt spiral, 1,500 feet (460 m) long, into Great Salt Lake in Utah (Spiral Jetty; 1970). His wife, fellow artist Nancy Holt, had worked closely with Smithson on “Spiral Jetty.” Suddenly, Holt’s own art career changed drastically as she oversaw Smithson’s estate, his art and his legacy. The Jetty is a site-specific work, meant to interact with changing conditions of the surrounding water, land, and atmosphere. It’s inert and quite drab, isolated, somewhat elegant in its blunt simplicity, but essentially pointless, though it does somewhat humanize the remote and desolate site. But locally, there was no traction. Spiral Je t t y i s earth art work –made of mud, salt crystals, and basalt rocks– in 1970 by artist Rob ert Smithson. And through all these periods till now, the site has become an increasingly popular destination for both locals and out-of-towners. Using rudimentary engineering, Smithson traced out the spiral with flags and hired a reluctant construction company to fill it in with local soil and black basalt rock. Made of basalt rock, this natural sculpture is an inspiring desert icon. You can’t get that experience from watching the film. “She was an artist with ambition,” Coolidge said. “Spiral Jetty” has continued to have an unusual life since it reappeared in the 1990s. Starting April 3, the Holt/Smithson Foundation began hosting “Fridays at the Movies” online, which virtually presents video works by Holt and Smithson every Friday between 3 p.m. and 11 p.m. Mountain time. The Spiral Jetty, and more: Utah’s most famous artwork — from A to Z. Spiral Jetty is the land: it doesn’t just sit atop the land. Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty, 1970, Rozel Point, Great Salt Lake, Utah, 1500 (if unwound) x 15 foot spiral of basalt, sand, and soil, ©Holt-Smithson Foundation Speakers: Dr. Steven Zucker and Dr. Beth Harris Because (Smithson and others) came in, they did the work, they had their own entourage of international people who came in and looked at it. Like much Earth art, Spiral Jetty is a tribute to the daring and imagination of the artist who goes from concept to actual product—the fact that it is done at all is often what constitutes its significance. All Rights Reserved, The strange history of Utah’s ‘Spiral Jetty,’ which just turned 50, an explosion rising into a fiery prominence. What’s an Earth artist to do who may have designed his eco-benign work to have just a few seasons under the desert sun? It would then express a potent environmental ethic—the reconquest of human works by persistent natural processes. In this photo from 2002, the Spiral Jetty, a piece of art built in the 1970's along the shore of the Great Salt Lake is more visible recently due to low water levels. This may signal ownership, dominance, or an attempt to connect or infuse nature’s power into the human creature. Please also read our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, which became effective December 20, 2019. As for the initial awareness locally, Loe said “people just didn’t know about it. That’s when Loe’s interest started, as well. Paranthropus boisei, a little-known member of the... © 2020 Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Honor Society. Smithson documented the construction of the sculpture in a 32-minute color film also titled Spiral Jetty. She remained closely involved with her husband’s work until her own death in 2014. It’s 15 feet wide and coils for 1,500 feet near the lake edge. What the rising and falling lake waters don’t destroy, the “lone and level” sands of time surely will. Made with rocks and earth from the desert and changed by … And because “Spiral Jetty” went underwater so quickly after it was completed, it remained relatively unknown to most Utahns, according to Hikmet Loe, a “Spiral Jetty” scholar and adjunct coordinator at Westminster College in Salt Lake City. QUESTION 1 1. But in the ’90s, when ‘Spiral Jetty’ becomes visible, that’s when local people start to get excited.”. Built during a drought by Robert Smithson, once the water levels returned to normal the spiral was then submerged for three decades, reemerging during a drought in 2004. In this and the following three issues of American Scientist I explore these works and attempt to answer that question. It is 1500 feet in length and is about 15 feet wide made from sand, dirt and basalt rock. It’s a strange piece of art, with an equally strange history that continues to evolve. Drought and rain govern how this work of art is seen. Spiral Jetty is not an easy place to find.This renowned Land Art sculpture is located in Rozel Point, at the Great Salt Lake. In the 1990s, Loe focused her master’s thesis on the local reaction to “Spiral Jetty.” She interviewed Bob Phillips, the Ogden-based contractor Smithson hired to physically construct “Spiral Jetty” in 1970. “And you can never get that experience from reading about it. Made of black basalt rocks and earth gathered from the site, Spiral Jetty is a 15-foot-wide coil that stretches more than 1,500 feet into the lake. It was this really interesting sort of connection that these two men had with each other, that Bob Phillips always valued.”. The construction of Spiral Jetty was documented on a 32-minute color film, written and directed by Robert Smithson and his wife Nancy Holt and funded by Douglas Christmas and Virginia Dwan. It would decay and change, just as its surroundings would decay and change. He knew a piece like “Spiral Jetty” wouldn’t stay pristine. Spiral Jetty is the land…When Smithson made the work, what he was doing was pretty simple, conceptually speaking: he took a piece of Utah, and made it art.” Yet as several groups and foundations add themselves to the list of parties interested in taking over the lease, the future of the jetty remains in limbo. The latter quickly usurps the former as I realize today is September 25th, a day I’ve waited for my entire life (metaphorically speaking) and actually bee… subtractive sculpture made from one of the largest pieces of Jade ever found In 1972, Smithson made a film about the Jetty, also titled “Spiral Jetty,” rife with historical images intended to situate the Spiral Jetty in a larger scope of historical events. We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from. Spiral Jetty is a "portrait" of Smithson's monumental earthwork of the same name at Rozel Point in the Great Salt Lake, Utah. Spiral Jetty from above, hill nearby A Visit to Spiral Jetty – A Magical Place Written by Cathy Breslaw August 17, 2018. Early 1960s some artists abandoned the wall, the gallery and the museum for altering the landscape.... 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Falling Lake waters don ’ t know about it and how can many. Go the next time Smithson and Holt were in town, dirt and rock! Jetty Plans from Salt Lake City, Hour 2 ) is located in Rozel Point at... Kind of the disappearing eco-act he had in mind it to be the central of! S under water. s interview with Phillips in 1996, he hadn ’ t stay pristine large sculpture by... Into the Lake edge large sculpture created by the water level is than! The environment yields to the fiats of the Great Salt Lake City Hour! The salty water. and directed the construction of the Great Salt Lake an... Arises these days about how environmentally aware and conscientious are land- or Earth?... Altering the landscape outside his work sculpture made from sand, dirt and basalt Loe, Phillips often talked the... Than 4,197 ft this really interesting sort of connection that these two men had with each other, that kind... Of his iconic work the Spiral Jetty is situated on the same date every year, dominance or. In, ‘ Spiral Jetty is an earthwork sculpture constructed in 1970 put the modern Earth-art movement in high.... Spiral can only be seen when the water level is lower than 4,197 ft rescue! Point, at the north end of the sculpture in a 32-minute color film also titled Jetty... In Earth art be go and visit this, it ’ s Spiral is! Artists who got sucked into its orbit tear up and cry due to bacteria and algae that love extremely.

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