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[72] Philip's son, as Charles II, protected her writings from later censorship. Philip IV, King of Spain, was normally shown in fairly sombre clothing, so the unusual splendour of his costume here suggests that this work was made to celebrate something particular. Philip had 3 siblings: Anne of Austria , Maria Anna of Spain and Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria . De Zúñiga regarded it as essential that the Sandovals be unable to gain an influence over the future king; de Zúñiga first began to develop his own influence over Prince Philip,[16] and then introduced his nephew, Olivares, to the prince, ten years old at the time. [11] Those close to him claimed he was academically competent, with a good grasp of Latin and geography, and could speak French, Portuguese and Italian well. In due course, however, this personal rule reverted to rule through a royal favorite, initially Luis de Haro, a nephew of Olivares and a childhood playmate of Philip's,[29] and the counter-reform of the committee system halted. During the reign of Philip's father, Philip III, the royal court had been dominated by the Sandoval noble family, most strikingly by the Duke of Lerma, Philip III's principal favorite and chief minister for almost all of his reign. In the 1630 Treaty of Madrid, Philip was styled "Philip, by the grace of God king of the Spains, Both the Sicilies, Jerusalem, the Indies, etc., archduke of Austria, duke of Burgundy, Milan, etc., count of Habsburg, Tyrol, etc." Felipe had 4 siblings: Joanna of Austria Princess of Portugal and 3 other siblings. Wife - Louise Élisabeth d'Orléans. Cambridge University Press. [18] Olivares rapidly became Philip's most trusted advisor, and when Philip ascended the throne in 1621, at the age of sixteen, he showed his confidence in Olivares by ordering that all papers requiring the royal signature should first be sent to the count-duke. Philip IV, (born April 8, 1605, Valladolid, Spain—died Sept. 17, 1665, Madrid), king of Spain (1621–65) and of Portugal (1621–40), during the decline of Spain as a great world power. The Spanish-French war that ensued from 1635 onwards was not a foregone conclusion. Philip's government would pursue a 'Netherlands first' strategy throughout the war until 1643. Philip’s whole career was influenced by the fact that he was a grandson of Louis XIV of France and a great grandson of Philip IV, king of Spain. … There was a febrile atmosphere in Spain in the early 17th century, with numerous arbitrista offering various advice on how to solve Spain's various ills; this advice could, and would, be given in person by those of the lower classes to the king on suitable occasions, provided it was presented with the aim of strengthening the crown. This would lead Philip to renew hostilities with the Dutch in 1621 in an attempt to bring the provinces to the negotiating table with the aim of achieving a peace treaty favourable to Spanish global interests. This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. Ferdinand VI of Spain (23 September 1713 – 10 August 1759). Cause of death: stroke "Philip IV., king of Spain". [10] Others have captured his private personality as 'naturally kind, gentle and affable'. [15], Artistically, Philip became famous for his patronage of his court painter Diego Velázquez, who originated from Seville;[62] mutual contacts caused him to become known to Olivares, who came from the same region. Although interpretations of Philip's role in government have improved in recent years, Diego Velázquez's contemporary description of Philip's key weakness – that 'he mistrusts himself, and defers to others too much' — remain relevant. The pair had many rows and arguments over the course of their relationship, both as a result of their different personalities and differences of opinion over policies. Generations are numbered by male-line descent from the first archdukes. (1911). ", This page was last edited on 4 December 2020, at 08:12. People born on April 8 fall under the Zodiac sign of Aries, the Ram. [64], Philip was nicknamed el Rey Planeta, the 'Planet King',[65] by his contemporaries, and much of the art and display at his court has been interpreted in the context of his need to project power and authority, over both Spaniards and foreigners alike. – all loosely joined together through the institution of the Castile monarchy and the person of Philip IV. If you find our videos helpful you can support us by buying something from amazon. [56], Crisis came in 1640. The palace was built during one of the more difficult periods of Philip's reign. Timeline Birth 8 April 1605 Place Valladolid, Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain Death 17 September 1665 Place Madrid, Madrid, Community of Madrid, Spain Burial Unknown Place The king and Velázquez shared common interests in horses, dogs and art, and in private they formed an easy, relaxed relationship over the years. On his death, a catafalque was built in Rome to commemorate his life. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. This is documented in over 600 confidential letters between them over a period of twenty-two years. [4] Indeed, the limited Spanish military successes of the period were celebrated by royal artists to a disproportionate extent. Philip V of Spain Español: Felipe V de Borbón (Versalles, 19 de diciembre de 1683 - Madrid, 9 de julio de 1746 ), llamado el Animoso , rey de España , desde el 15 de noviembre de 1700 hasta su muerte, sucesor del último monarca Habsburgo de España, su tío-abuelo Carlos II, y … [12] Notably, from the 1640s onwards he sought the advice and counsel of a noted cloistered abbess, Sor María de Ágreda, exchanging many letters with her. Examples and perspective in this section the son of Richard the Lionheart, King of England and woman... Remain near the Prado battlefield as it once had been ill for some! 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